Nagaland GI tag

Introduction

Nagaland, a picturesque state in northeastern India, is a land of vibrant traditions, rich cultural heritage, and unmatched biodiversity. Its unique identity is reflected not only in its people and festivals but also in the products that originate from its land. To protect and promote its exceptional agricultural produce and traditional crafts, Nagaland has secured Geographical Indication (GI) tags for four of its products: Naga Mircha (King Chilli), Chakhesang Shawl, Naga Tree Tomato, and Naga Cucumber. These GI tags not only serve to legally recognize the unique qualities of these products but also safeguard the traditional knowledge and cultural significance associated with them.

Each GI-tagged product tells a story of Nagaland’s heritage, from the fiery intensity of the Naga Mircha to the intricate artistry of the Chakhesang Shawl. These products are a source of pride for the people of Nagaland, helping preserve their traditions while providing economic opportunities. In this detailed exploration, we delve into the history, cultural importance, and GI tag journey of these four products, showcasing why they hold a special place not only in Nagaland but also in the global market.

1. Naga Mircha (King Chilli)

Naga Mircha, also known as King Chilli or Bhut Jolokia, is celebrated worldwide for being one of the spiciest chillies, with a Scoville Heat Unit (SHU) ranging from 800,000 to over 1,000,000. This chilli is an integral part of Nagaland’s identity, cultivated extensively in the hilly terrains of Peren, Kohima, and Mon districts. Its fiery flavor and robust aroma make it a key ingredient in Naga cuisine, where it is used in chutneys, pickles, and other traditional dishes. Naga Mircha also holds medicinal properties, often used to stimulate digestion and relieve pain. Historically, it was even employed as a natural insect repellent, showcasing its versatility.

The journey of Naga Mircha toward receiving its GI tag began with an application filed on August 22, 2007, by the Department of Horticulture and Agriculture, Government of Nagaland. On December 2, 2008, the chilli officially received its GI recognition, making it the first product from Nagaland to earn this honor. This recognition has opened new markets for farmers, boosting export potential and creating opportunities for Nagaland to be acknowledged on the global spice map. The GI tag not only preserves the authenticity of Naga Mircha but also safeguards the livelihood of the farmers who have cultivated it for generations.

2. Chakhesang Shawl

The Chakhesang Shawl represents the artistic and cultural heritage of the Chakhesang tribe in Nagaland. Handwoven on traditional backstrap looms, this shawl is a symbol of identity and prestige among the tribal community. These shawls feature intricate geometric patterns and motifs inspired by nature and folklore, making each piece unique. They are made using high-quality cotton and natural dyes, ensuring their vibrant colors last for years. Historically, the shawl was not just a garment but a statement of social status and achievement. Specific patterns indicated the wearer’s bravery, leadership, or other significant accomplishments within the tribe.

The GI application for the Chakhesang Shawl was submitted on January 1, 2016, by the Chakhesang Women Welfare Society. After rigorous assessment, the shawl was granted GI status on October 24, 2017. This recognition has played a crucial role in preserving traditional weaving techniques and providing a platform for women artisans to showcase their craft globally. Today, the Chakhesang Shawl is not only a cultural artifact but also a thriving economic product that generates livelihood for artisans while promoting Nagaland’s rich textile heritage.

3. Naga Tree Tomato

The Naga Tree Tomato, locally referred to as “Tamulok,” is a unique fruit cultivated in the high-altitude regions of Nagaland. Known for its tangy and sweet flavor, the fruit is an essential part of traditional Naga cuisine, often used in chutneys, pickles, and stews. Its glossy red or orange skin and nutrient-rich profile, including high levels of vitamins A and C, make it both a culinary delight and a health-conscious choice. Introduced to Nagaland by British missionaries during the colonial period, the tree tomato has since adapted to the region’s climatic conditions and become a staple in local diets.

The application for the GI tag was submitted on January 27, 2012, by the North Eastern Regional Agricultural Marketing Corporation Ltd (NERAMAC), and the fruit was officially recognized on March 23, 2015. This GI recognition has elevated the Naga Tree Tomato’s status, making it a sought-after product in niche markets. It has also encouraged farmers to adopt organic cultivation practices, ensuring sustainability while enhancing the fruit’s appeal in domestic and international markets. The GI tag has empowered farmers by increasing demand and providing them with better market access.

4. Naga Cucumber

The Naga Cucumber is renowned for its exceptional sweetness and crisp texture, distinguishing it from other cucumber varieties. Cultivated organically in the fertile soils of Nagaland, this cucumber is free from chemical fertilizers and pesticides, making it a favorite among health-conscious consumers. Typically served raw, it is a refreshing addition to salads and chutneys and is also an integral part of traditional Naga feasts. Its hydrating properties and high water content make it particularly suited to Nagaland’s humid climate, providing much-needed relief during the summer months.

The application for the Naga Cucumber’s GI tag was filed on March 15, 2019, by the Nagaland State Agricultural Marketing Board. It received its official recognition on September 22, 2021, making it the most recent addition to Nagaland’s GI-tagged products. This recognition has significantly boosted the market demand for Naga Cucumber, helping local farmers achieve better prices and promoting sustainable agricultural practices in the state. The GI tag ensures the authenticity of the product while highlighting Nagaland’s dedication to preserving its agricultural heritage.

Conclusion

The four GI-tagged products of Nagaland—Naga Mircha, Chakhesang Shawl, Naga Tree Tomato, and Naga Cucumber—are a testament to the state’s rich cultural and agricultural legacy. Each of these products carries with it a story of tradition, resilience, and ingenuity, reflecting the deep connection between the people of Nagaland and their land. The GI tags not only protect the unique identity of these products but also offer economic benefits to the local communities by opening doors to national and international markets. As Nagaland continues to promote its heritage through these GI-tagged products, it ensures the preservation and celebration of its identity for generations to come.